Conflict Of African Tribal Descent - 1442 Words

Today Liberia is a recovering and thriving nation in Western-Africa. It was created by a movement from the United States in the 1840’s that allowed freed slaves the opportunity to move to Africa to attempt to make a life in a more accepting environment. Liberia has a very eventful history to include events such as a civil war, coups, being the first independent nation in Africa, and also elected one of the first female presidents in Africa. The topics that will be covered will be a culture outline of Liberia, a breakdown of Liberia’s diverse population, a description of their government and economy, and an overview of their military. Liberia is a country with a rich history and culture. Liberia is predominantly inhabited by people of African tribal descent, although a small number of the population, about five percent, are what the locals refer to as â€Å"Americo-Liberians† referring to their American descent. According to Horan (n.d.) the Liberian populati on is broken up into five ethnolinguistic groups: The Mel (West Atlantic) group consists of the Gola and Kissi, who are believed to be the oldest inhabitants. The Mande group, made up of Mandingo, Vai, Gbandi, Kpelle, Loma, Mende, Gio, and Mano peoples, is believed to have entered the area from the northern savannahs in the fifteenth century. The southern and eastern areas are inhabited by people who speak Kruan (Kwa) languages; the Bassa, Dei (Dey), Grebo, Kru, Belle (Kuwaa), Krahn, and Gbee areShow MoreRelatedRace, Ethnicity, Prejudice818 Words   |  4 Pagesone-sixteenth black. That is, if one of your sixteen great-great grandparents was of African descent (and the other fifteen were of white European descent), you were defined as negro. In Jamaica, people believed to be of pure African descent are described as black. People who are bi-racial are usually described as colored. In Brazil, there are even more differentiations of those believed to be of African descent. The poin t of all this is that our definitions are culture-bound and socially constructedRead MoreRace, Tribalism, and Genocide in the Sudan648 Words   |  3 Pagesexperienced a rapid restructuring of its age old cultural identity system. Located in the Cradle of Civilization, a region straddling both the African continent and the Arab-speaking Middle East, Sudan has long been home to a diverse population that is representative of its many cultural influences, with Arab adherents of Islam living in relative stability alongside tribal bands of native peoples. Upon being co-opted as a British colony in the early 20th century to fuel a flailing textile industry, the fertileRead MoreDo Sudan and South Sudan have a Home?827 Words   |  3 Pagesworsened the conflict and made it harder for the Sudanese people to come to an agreement. Boundary conflicts, therefore, reveal that the loss of a common cultural and national identity among citizens weakens a nation’s unity and can result in los s of place. Sudan was well known for its diversity in language, religion, and background. People in northern Sudan are mostly Muslims of Arab descent, while people in southern Sudan follow Christianity and tribal religions and are of African descent. Thus,Read MoreGender Roles of Slaves814 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery was a gruesome experience for all people of the African descent. However, the instances that occurred in a slave’s life differentiated between men and women. Although it was perceived that women slaves were subjected to less demanding and less harsh labor this was in fact untrue. Black women redefined gender roles by working in the fields doing hands on labor beside black men. Furthermore, black women were frequently working pregnant or soon after pregnancy. Other stereotypes circlingRead MoreGenocide: A Historical Perspective Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pagesworld. The War in Darfur is a conflict that takes place in western Sudan and the conflict was due to ethical and racial issues oppose to religious issues. Though there have been reports of civilians being attacked due to no specific race or ethnicity. Darfur is home to approximately six million people and several dozen tribes. But the region is split between two main groups: those that are mainly of the African descent and those that are mainly of the Arab descent. The two groups are severely dividedRead MoreA Far Cry from Africa: Divided Loyalties1682 Words   |  7 Pagesand divided loyalties that are communicated through the referencing of the Mau Mau Uprising, which is essentially an amplification of the speakers internal conflict in regards to his mixed heritage. A Far Cry from Africa cannot fully be understood without examining it through a Marxism perspective, which illuminates the issue of conflict in regards to ethnic strife and divided loyalties: Marxists generally view literatur e not as works created in accordance with timeless artistic criteria, butRead MoreHistory Of South Africa s History1686 Words   |  7 PagesSouth Africa s history is a story of conflict from its very start, spurred by European settlement territorial conquest, frontier expansion, and nineteenth-century global imperialism that generated internal competition between white settlers and the black African population over land and resources such as water. Formal South African history is dated to the arrival of the Dutch East India Company in 1652 (although there were indigenous groups living there prior to the arrival of the Dutch); externalRead MoreFrom Coloniarl Rule to Civil War: Angola1768 Words   |  7 Pagesno stranger to elongated and extremely bloody conflicts. Throughout Angola’s history over the last five hundred years, the effects of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (TST) have by far made the longest lasting impact on the nation’s volatile past and future. This ho rrible marginalization of the country’s population provided a strong foundation that ultimately shaped the country’s future conflicts; a commonality that is shared with many other former African colonies tied to the (TST). The main purposeRead MoreCultural Awareness Of Brazil, Unity Among Chaos. Introduction.1579 Words   |  7 Pagesspeak it. There are a few native languages that are sparsely spoken and are from the original native tribes. In July of 2016, the estimated population was just under 206 million. Approximately 55% are of Portuguese descent, 38% are of various heritages, 6% are of African descent and the remaining 1% are of various others including native indigenous tribes (Nations Encyclopedia, 2017). Even though Brazil is a thriving modern day civilization, there is social discrimination that is based more onRead MoreTaking a Look at Brazil2817 Words   |  11 Pageslargest manufacturer of coffee beans, sugarcane, oranges and orange juice. It ranks second in soybeans and beef and third in tobacco, and cocoa. The unforgiving monsoon season in the rainforests of Brazil has a profound impact on its populace. For tribal communities, the Amazon River is the foundation of travel. When the monsoons hit the already fierce river becomes distended and hostile. Areas that are dry for most of the year become marshes and lakes. Many of the communities that reside along

Essay about Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie - 2032 Words

Symbolism is a type of literary device authors use to add special effect and meaning to their stories. According to The American Heritage Dictionary, symbolism is â€Å"The practice of representing things by means of symbols or of attributing symbolic meanings or significance to objects, events, or relationships (â€Å"symbolism†).† Objects, people, actions, and words often are used to symbolize a deeper meaning throughout the text of a story. As one reads a story, they must realize that each sentence they are reading could have a double meaning; this means that further thought is often necessary, on the part of the reader, to better understand the whole effect the author was trying to portray. Tennessee Williams wrote The Glass Menagerie in a†¦show more content†¦Laura can relate to the menagerie in many aspects, but most clearly seen by the reader is how both Laura and the menagerie are viewed for their outside appearance and actions only. Laura is a tim id, bland character around unfamiliar faces; however, she is also full of mysterious talents and joys that are only visible to those whom choose to look at her in the right light. This is true also for the glass figurines. Although the figurines seem plain and dull, when looking at them through the right light, one can see a range of beautiful colors shining through. The glass menagerie relates in many ways to Laura. The similarities between the glass figurines and the girl are inevitable. The relation between the two is so important that Laura’s character introduction talks about the glass menagerie. Laura’s character description states that â€Å" [l]uara’s separation increases till she is like a piece of her own glass collection, too exquisitely fragile to move from the shelf† (Williams, 1153). This holds very true for Laura because as the story progresses she becomes weaker and weaker until finally she is so fragile, like the menagerie, that sh e no longer has strength to do anything on her own. Although the glass menagerie is the main symbol that is visible throughout the text of the story, there are many other symbols dispersed in the reading. Out of all the figurines in The Glass Menagerie, there is one particular figurine that representsShow MoreRelated Essay on the Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚   Tennessee Williams play, The Glass Menagerie, describes three separate characters, their dreams, and the harsh realities they face in a modern world.   The Glass Menagerie exposes the lost dreams of a southern family and their desperate struggle to escape reality. Williams use of symbols adds depth to the play. The glass menagerie itself is a symbol Williams uses to represent the broken lives of Amanda, Laura and Tom Wingfield andRead More Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pages Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;From the beginning, the figure of the narrator shows that Williams play will not follow the conventions of realistic theater. The narrator breaks the conceptual quot;fourth wallquot; of naturalistic drama by addressing the audience directly. Tom also tells us that he is going to give the audience truth disguised as illusion, making the audience conscious of the illusory quality of theater. By playing with the theme of memory and itsRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie Symbolism Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesImagination or Illusion Can Create Big Trouble The Glass Menagerie is a five-character memory play written by Tennessee Williams in 1945. The play is introduced to the audience by Tom, the narrator and protagonist, as a memory play based on his recollection of his mother Amanda, his sister Laura, and his friend Jim O’Connor as a gentleman caller. There is a fifth character in the play, Tom’s father who doesn’t appear except in the photograph frame. Among them one of the most interesting charactersRead MoreSymbolism in the Glass Menagerie Essay831 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in The Glass Menagerie Symbolism plays a fundamental part in Tennessee Williams’s play, â€Å"The Glass Menagerie†. Examples of the use of symbolism include the fire escape, as an escape from the family, the phonograph, as an escape from reality, the unicorn, as a symbol for Lauras uniqueness and the father’s photograph, representing something different to each character. Through recognition of these symbols, a greater understanding of the play’s theme is achieved. ThroughoutRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie Symbolism Essay800 Words   |  4 Pagesto many. His experiences in the 1930s affected his work. Williams’s homosexuality made him be seen as an outcast in American society. Tennessee Williams utilizes symbolism to express his themes throughout The Glass Menagerie. There are many events in Tennessee Williams’s early life that is similar to the details in The Glass Menagerie. Williams had a bad relationship with his father, who was clinically alcoholic (Debusscher 1). Williams’s dysfunctional family plays a role towards his homosexualityRead More Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie Essay1022 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism is an integral part of every play. The author uses symbolism in order to add more depth to the play. In Tennessee Williams’ play, The Glass Menagerie, he describes three separate characters, their dreams, and the harsh realities they face in a modern world. The Glass Menagerie exposes the lost dreams of a southern family and their desperate struggle to escape reality. Everyone in the play seeks refuge from their lives, attempting to escape into an imaginary world. Williams uses the fireRead More Essay on Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie1171 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in The Glass Menagerie Symbolism plays an integral part in Williams’s play, The Glass Menagerie. Examples of the use of symbolism include the fire escape, as an escape from the family, the phonograph, as an escape from reality, the unicorn, as a symbol for Lauras uniqueness and the father’s photograph, representing something different to each character. Through regonition of these symbols, a greater understanding of the play’s theme is achieved. Throughout the play, Tom WingfieldRead MoreGlass Menagerie Symbolism Essay2502 Words   |  11 PagesIn his drama, The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams uses symbolism in order to develop multi-faceted characters and to display the recurring themes of the play. These various symbols appear throughout the entire piece, and they are usually disguised as objects or imagery. They allow the reader to know the characters#8217; personalities, and their true inside characteristics. These symbols also add to the major themes, which develop as the play gains momentum. In the drama, symbols play theRead MoreSymbolism In The Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams858 Words   |  4 Pagesaffected his work especially in The Glass Menagerie. Williams’s homosexuality made him be seen as an outcast in American society. Not to mention that homosexuality was not as widely accepted as it is today. The writing style of Williams creates a unique and great story. Tennessee Williams utilizes s ymbolism to express his themes throughout The Glass Menagerie. There are many events in Tennessee Williams’s early life that is similar to the details in The Glass Menagerie. Williams had a bad relationshipRead More The Importance of Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie Essay1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie  Ã‚      Tom Wingfield is the narrator and a major character in Tennessee William’s timeless play, The Glass Menagerie. Through the eyes of Tom, the viewer gets a glance into the life of his family in the pre-war depression era; his mother, a Southern belle desperately clinging to the past; his sister, a woman too fragile to function in society; and himself, a struggling, young poet working at a warehouse to pay the bills. Williams has managed

Argument Essay Actions Free Essays

Jakeira McIver Joe Sersey English 101 October 25, 2012 Argument Essay Actions speak louder than words and they often speak the truth. Parents commonly resort spankings, a form of corporal punishment, to discourage their children for misbehaving. Corporal punishments do not do anything to ensure that children will no longer misbehave. We will write a custom essay sample on Argument Essay Actions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Whether it be spanking, hitting, or paddling a child, the only aspect that this form of punishment reinforces in children is fear. This fear will in turn be associated with pain, rather than the difference between right and wrong. Less painful and more effective means should be taken into consideration while choosing punishments. Choosing to eliminate a child’s negative behavior through violent means does nothing to guarantee that the child has learned a lesson. Corporal punishment does not always have a positive outcome (â€Å"Corporal Punishment â€Å"). Parents should be encouraged to guide their children to gain a better understanding of what it was that caused a need for punishment. A parent’s job is to nurture their child, never to hurt them. If parents choose to spank their children, eventually, the children gradually will lose their sense of safety that they feel for their parents. They could also gain a fear for any authority figure in general. Children thrive off of nurturing and encouraging behaviors, especially those that come from their parents. Spankings destroy the natural trust bond that children share with their parents. This is because children trust their parents to be kind, loving, and understanding. The second a spanking is given the child may feel as if the parent doesn’t understand, or that the parent no longer loves them. Corporal punishments can lead to more disobedient behaviors. Spankings only bring a stop to bad behaviors for short periods of time and can lead to more aggressive behaviors from the child (Straus). Spankings can lead to domestic violence issues between a child and their parents. In many cases, corporal punishment is viewed as a form of child abuse and it is important that parents refrain from striking their children, especially when they consider themselves angry (Henderson 141). Punishing a child while angry can lead to child abuse. Spankings can also affect the relationship between the child and their peers. Children who are victims of any form of corporal punishment tend to be more violent and disobedient. They also are more likely to have problems interacting with peers and members of the opposite sex (Straus). Developmental processes are affected by corporal punishments. At such a young age a child’s brain is not completely developed. The frontal lobe, responsible for things like understanding, is still developing while children are young (â€Å"Corporal Punishment â€Å"). This means that children do not always fully grasp that what they have done is unacceptable. For example, if a child were to pull a dogs tail and the dog were to bite them, the child now knows that pulling a dogs tail is an unacceptable behavior. There was also no need for a spanking because the child now has a full understanding of the consequence. A spanking in response to this situation would only confuse the child and may cause them to the generalized idea that any contact with a dog will lead to a spanking. In other words, a spanking is not necessary for a child to learn right from wrong. Corporal punishment is not the only way to discipline a child. Parents can try a timeouts, taking away privileges, or simply eliminating the source of the negative behavior. Hitting a child should never be an option. Spankings can break bonds between parents and children, cause authority and social problems, and could also be a gateway to child abuse. Corporal punishment should be avoided all together to insure that these unfortunate circumstances do not occur. Children will feel more comfortable and safe, and parents will be relieved to know that striking a child does no justice when trying to teach a lesson. Works Cited â€Å"Datawise. †Ã‚  Corporal Punishment – High Time for Its Return in Schools and the Home. Datawise. Web. 24 Oct 2012. Henderson, Shirley. â€Å"To Spank or Not To Spank. †Ã‚  Ebony  63. 3 (2008): 140. MAS Ultra – School Edition. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. Straus, Murray A. â€Å"New Evidence For The Benefits Of Never Spanking. â€Å"Society  38. 6 (2001): 52. MAS Ultra – School Edition. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. How to cite Argument Essay Actions, Essay examples

Ethics Act Utilitarianism

Question: Discuss about theEthicsfor Act Utilitarianism. Answer: Introduction Ethical theories have been developed by philosophers to provide solutions for difficult situations that people find themselves in their daily lives. These theories enable people to differentiate between what is right and wrong (Hayhurst, 2010). Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that is concerned with the amount of suffering or happiness that results from a persons action. An ethical action according to utilitarianism is one that has maximum benefits and minimum adverse outcomes. It attempts to maximize the amount of happiness and minimize the amount of suffering involved in a given situation. Utilitarianism is divided into rule and act-Utilitarianism. Rule utilitarianism is based on fairness. It seeks to benefit most people in the fairest way possible. On the other hand, Act utilitarianism is based on acting in the way that benefits most people irrespective of the resultant feelings or societal laws. (Baumane, Cals Sumilo, 2016).The focus of this essay will be on Act Utilitarianis m. According to the proponents of Act Utilitarianism, an act becomes morally right if it benefits the greatest number of people or when it produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people. According to Act Utilitarianism, therefore, an action is principally guided by it as to build the maximum amount of benefit to the greatest amount of people in contrast to the actual feelings of the people involved (Melden, 2013). As identified in the response there are basically two main stakeholders, in this case, Stephen and Ralph. However, others stakeholders on whom much emphasis has not been laid are the community which includes Stephenss family. Based on the responses by the imaginary student we can draw a number of ethical theories that have been used. In the first response, the student lays more emphasis on the outcomes of the actions identified in the case as either positive or negative and the resultant feelings that Stephen will have based on the action that he will take. This response can be partly interpreted by the use of virtue ethics which is based on more an individuals character. This particular theory states that an individuals character matters then everything else. The emphasis on this theory is that individuals should act in a way that shows compassion for others and which is guided by wisdom and devoid of vices such as selfishness (Mizzoni,2010). It does not focus on an individuals action which is the area of focus for Act Utilitarianism. Act utilitarianism employs the use of Utilitarianism rules to evaluate Individuals actions directly. Based on Act utilitarianism we can focus on the maximum amount of benefit involved without regard to the feelings that are involved. In this Case the evaluation of the action on the potential maximum benefits for the greatest number of those involved i.e. Ralph on one side and the other stakeholders on the other side. While the action of retaining Ralph would not be termed as having produced the greatest benefit to the greatest amount of people, deciding not to retain him would be, because it would improve sustainability which would result in maximum benefit. The first two responses fail to conform to utilitarianism principles in that they are mostly focused on the outcome of the actions instead of the actions themselves (Jeurissen Rijst,2007). All Ethical theories are concerned with acting in a way that is morally right. Just like utilitarianism which views a morally right action as one that produces the greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of good for the majority. Kantianism ethical theory, on the other hand, views an action as morally right if through the action a person can be said to have fulfilled their duties. It does not focus on the outcome of persons action. Kantian ethics is focused on two basic principles. The first is whether another person would act in a similar manner in a different situation and whether the action is meant to benefit other. Care ethics is more concerned with relationships before other factors. Acting in a way that is morally right requires an individuals action to be focused on building, strengthening and maintaining strong relationships with the people involved (Shafer, 2007). An ethically right action would, therefore, be one that shows care for others and which is focused on m aintaining the existing relationship. Relationships are therefore the basis for care ethics. Virtue ethics is more concerned with an individuals character .living morally, therefore, requires an individual to demonstrate certain virtues such as courage, wisdom and compassion through their character while at the same time avoiding certain vices such as selfishness. Finally, contract theory is primarily concerned with existing agreements between people. To act in a way that is morally right requires an individual to respect the existing agreements. Based on the analysis of different ethical theories there is one common factor that emerges from all of them and that is the fact that they all outline basic principles necessary for an action to be considered as ethically correct. The imaginary students actions that are morally worth can be said to be universally applicable to all theories and not only to the Act Utilitarianism which was can the basis for his discussion. This can be referr ed to this as a mere generalization which does not apply to any particular theory. In essence, as per Act Utilitarianism apart from an action being able to demonstrate moral worth, it must also be seen to be resulting to the greater good (Spinoza,2011).The imaginary students analysis does not meet this threshold needed in Act Utilitarianism because based on it any action by Stephen would have been appropriate. The final Analysis by the imaginary student is focused on Justice as the basis for defining an action that is ethically correct. This means that an action should be guided by the basic principle of achieving justice for the parties involved. This, therefore, requires that an action taken be the one that grants each party involved justice. As per the analysis of student, it would be justified to deny Ralph employment because that enabled him to accomplish his desire of working at the time that he wished to instead of the time that he was required to. While it can be said that there is some truth in that statement, the argument goes against the principles of Act Utilitarianism which requires an act to be considered morally correct if it results to the greater good of the whole. On the contrary, justice is emphasized by Kantian ethics which is based on the principle behind people actions and which states that an action is considered to be morally correct if it treats everyone with fairn ess (Copp, 2007).This, therefore, the basis for this argument for the imaginary student Conclusion Based on the above response it is evident that each ethical theory is founded on certain principles which are used to define an action as either appropriate or inappropriate. Based on the imaginary students response on Act Utilitarianism it can be argued that the response does not quite address the basic principles of Act Utilitarianism and even goes ahead to employ principles from other theories such as Kantian ethics to analyze the case. In conclusion, therefore, this response is not very appropriate for the case. Reference List Baumane-Vitolina, I., Cals, I. and Sumilo, E., (2016). Is Ethics Rational? Teleological, Deontological and Virtue Ethics Theories Reconciled in the Context of Traditional Economic Decision Making. Procedia Economics and Finance Copp, D. (2007). The Oxford handbook of ethical theory. New York: Oxford University Press. Hayhurst, C.( 2010). Animal testing: the animal rights debate. New York: Rosen Pub. Group. Jeurissen, R., Rijst, M. W. (2007). Ethics in business. Assen, The Netherlands: Van Gorcum. Melden, A. (2013). Ethical Theories. Read Books Ltd. Mizzoni, J. (2010). Ethics: The basics. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell. Shafer-Landau, R. (2007). Ethical theory: An anthology. Malden, Mass. [u.a.: Blackwell. Sustainable development: Relationships to culture, knowledge and ethics. (2011). Karlsruhe: KIT Scientific Publishing. Spinoza, B. . (2011). Ethics. Ware: Wordsworth Editions.

261 Langston Hughes Poems Professor Ramos Blog

261 Langston Hughes Poems Langston Hughes (1902 1967) Langston Hughes (1902 1967) Poems â€Å"Mother to Son† (1037) â€Å"I, to† (1038) â€Å"Theme for English B† (1043) American Identity Essay Rough Draft due Monday American Identity Essay

7 Things You Should Do in Your 20s to Become a Millionaire by 30

7 Things You Should Do in Your 20s to Become a Millionaire by 30 We all wish we could be rich. But if you’re young and smart and driven enough, you could be! In some cases, it is possible. Particularly if you’re able to make tough choices and choose to save where others choose to spend. Regardless,  one of the most important things you should be doing is managing your money responsibly. If done so correctly, you may very well become a millionaire by 30. That being said, here are 7 steps towards making your millionaire dreams come true. Start following them now before you hit the big Three-Oh.1. Write your planNo amount of desire is going to put the wealth in your account. You’ll need to actually come up with a feasible plan and put it on actual paper. Calculate exactly what you’d need to earn- and invest- to reach your goal. Then plan the options on how you’ll do it, whether that means focusing on a Roth IRA or a 401k, etc.2. SAVEYou can’t get there without this step. Period. Start saving immediately- fi rst an emergency fund, and then a high interest yielding account for everything you accumulate on top of that. Make a point of putting away half of every raise or tax refund, for example. And then don’t touch it unless an emergency occurs.3. Live cheaplyYou don’t need to be in poverty to live beneath your means. Just say no to high profile purchases that will crack open your budget- like expensive cars, extravagant houses, even expensive designer clothing and accessories. Live modestly, save decadently.4. Ease off on the credit cardsDon’t accumulate too many credit cards- one or two will do. And don’t put anything on your cards that you can’t pay off within three months. And if you can’t eat it- or wear it- don’t charge it. Keep your cash flow for investments.5. Put your money to workBuild a diverse portfolio with a mutual fund company that offers no-load funds and low expense ratios. You could be earning 8-10% interest on your money! 6. Start a businessA sizeable majority of millionaires are self-employed. Channel your entrepreneurial spirit and come up with a business plan to create wealth- and not just for yourself.7. Ask for helpFind yourself a good financial planner and make sure your investments are sound and working for you, not against you. If you build a good working relationship with someone you trust, you can really help your money grow.Remember, work smart not hard. It takes money to make money. But it’s never too late to start putting yours to work for you.

Analytical report on the mediation process Essay - 1

Analytical report on the mediation process - Essay Example Mediation is based on standards of problem-solving that highlights the requirements and interests of the contestants; equality; confidentiality; freedom and the best interest of all parties. These principles are planned to support and lead public, private, controlled, and obligatory mediation. The way of execution and mediator devotion to these principles may be subjective to local regulation or court law (Goldberg et al, p. 259). Mediation is practical support of an impartial third party. The responsibility of the mediator is specifically to facilitate the parties in finding their own acceptable, feasible solutions by being an efficient catalyst and providing organization, focus, and support with communication. The function of the mediator is to offer impartial, neutral help from the position of someone with no other attachment or investment in the result of the argument. Mediation has a high rate of fulfillment. Parties who have arrived at their own modified agreement are usually more expected to pursue through and stand for and adhere to its terms than those whose agreement has been forced by a third-party decision-maker. Parties that discuss their personal agreements have more power on the result of their argument and gains and losses are more knowable when they retain the decision-making authority than when results regarding the outcome of arguments are turned over to external third parties. Mediation involves reciprocally acceptable contracts in which all parties have at least a few of their interests met to the level that they are ready to support the general agreement. Mediation assists in maintaining continuing associations. Mediation agreements, which cause negotiated solutions that concentrate on all of the parties’ requirements (a win-win situation), are much better capable of preserving present and future working associations than win-lose procedures. If a future working association is essential, an agreed

Psychology (body satisfaction) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Psychology (body satisfaction) - Essay Example Additionally, it increases to a greater extent when in the presence of physically unfit peers. It is the goal of this research study to test this notion. In so doing, the research will utilize pictures of physically fit and physically unfit individuals. The Body Satisfaction Scale (BSS) will be administered to determine if the viewing of these pictures affected the participant's body satisfaction. The participants in this study will be 120 working adult males and females who will volunteer to participate. The questions raised for investigation in this study necessitated reaching a sample of subjects much more limited in availability than the undergraduate university student samples so often used in social psychological research of this nature. This requirement for subjects will raise some interesting sampling problems. Considering the financial constraints of this study, it was not possible to obtain a fully randomized sample from one geographical location, e.g. a specific community which would represent a cross-section of individuals from all educational and socio-economic backgrounds. At the same time convenience samples must be avoided. In light of these considerations the decision was made to limit the sample on an employment variable and include only working adults. This control for employment will enable the researcher to seek groups of individuals employed in a single facility as a source of volunteer subjects. The alternative, seeking volunteers from several small captive groups such as service clubs, associations, etc., holds the potential of increasing the risks of obtaining convenience samples and bias. The participants for this study will be obtained from two sources: The local university and the local shopping and the volunteers will not be paid or otherwise compensated. Measures Satisfaction or dissatisfaction with particular aspects of the body will be assessed using a revised version of the Body Cathexis Scale (BC) developed by Secord and Jourard (1953) and modified by Franzoi & Shields in 1984. The participants will be asked to evaluate each item on a five-point Likert scale ranging, from "1" (very dissatisfied) to "5" (very satisfied). Procedures Upon entering the study room, the volunteers will receive a BC survey, a cover letter explaining the study and an informed consent. For the purposes of conducting a randomized controlled trial, the study subjects will be randomly divided into three distinct groups-One control group and two experimental groups. The control group will consist of individuals who will be requested to complete the BC scale as modified by Franzoi & Shields (1984). One experimental group will be shown a slide show consisted of pictures of physically fit individuals of both gender and asked to complete the BC survey after viewing those pictures. The final experimental group will be shown a slide show consisting of pictures of physically unfit individuals and then asked to complete the survey. Upon completion of the surveys, the participants will be informed that they have a right to view the findings of the study and were given a website which will contain the study findings. In briefing the participants on the study, the researcher intends to utilize deception in the form of omission in order to ensure the accuracy of the reported results. As such, the study subjec

Conflict management strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Conflict management strategies - Essay Example Our sample case study involves the youth and the mass media fraternity. Recently, the content being aired in most developing countries portrays a lot of violence, sexual violence, risky behaviors, and drug abuse among other morally unethical habits. All these have adverse effects on the minds of the youth. For instance, display of violent behavior triggers bullying and fights in schools. This is because the youth mainly suffer identity crises and will mostly want to associate with actions and people they would want to emulate. Such violent acts could develop into dangerous traits in the youths in the later years of their lives if nothing is done to rectify. Research conducted by analysts indicate that out of every 2000 teens interrogated in every span of three years, 700 had had sexual intercourse by the age of 16. Furthermore, out of this total interviewed a percentage of approximately 90 teens confessed to have contracted pregnancies. In fact, according to a statement issued by the Parent Television Council Website wanted action taken by the government on television station airing sexually explicit content (Leas, 1997). The report also wanted regulation of adverts and use of vulgar language. The complaint in this case study was filled by the parents who wanted the mass media to air rated content for the sake of the youth. There has also been the issue of racism, where the media has been accused of portrayed with some certain stereotypes as being associated with sidelined races.... In fact, according to a statement issued by the Parent Television Council Website wanted action taken by the government on television station airing sexually explicit content (Leas, 1997). The report also wanted regulation of adverts and use of vulgar language. The complain in this case study was filled by the parents who wanted the mass media to air rated content for the sake of the youth. There has also been the issue of racism, where the media has been accused of portrayed with some certain stereotypes as being associated with sidelined races (Chaturvedi & Chaturvedi, 2011). For instance, in America, the media has been accused of portraying the African Americas and Hispanics as less educated, use of vulgar language as well as very violent (Leas, 1997). As much as there could be some aspect of truth, the media ought to not make it worse by showing world, but assist focusing on their strong points in the society (Leas, 1997). Further, the media finds this very hard at times dependin g on the location in which they cover and gather information. The parents’ association has gone further and involved the government to intervene and help resolve the situation by striking a balance (Leas, 1997). Conflict management strategies In the case of conflicts, a number of approved conflict management strategies have been used in the past and are highly recommended. For instance, there is accommodating. This entails one of the conflicting parties to forego their concerns and allowing the other party to satisfy their concerns. This strategy is less popular as both parties would want their grievances addressed in every aspect. Secondly, there is collaborating. This strategy entails all parties expressing their concerns in a bid to come up with a fair and

Reflective Account: Ethical Dilemma Treating Cancer

Reflective Account: Ethical Dilemma Treating Cancer This reflective account will discuss an ethical dilemma which arose during a placement within a community setting. To assist the reflection process, the Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle which encompasses 6 stages; description, thoughts and feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion and action plan will be used which will improve and strengthen my nursing skills by continuously learning from both good and bad experiences, and develop my self confidence in relation to caring for others (Siviter 2008). To comply with the Nursing and Midwifery Code of Conduct (NMC) (2008) and maintain confidentiality all names have been changed and therefore for the purpose of this reflection the patient will be referred to as Bob. Bob is a forty four year old man who has been receiving aggressive and invasive treatment for several months in the form of chemotherapy in an attempt to cure his Hodgkinsons lymphoma cancer. Throughout the treatment Bob remained positive that he would be able to put the worries behind him and live a normal life with his partner and teenage daughter. However, Bob was unable to control his body temperature, which was a possible sign the chemotherapy had not been successful and was offered further investigations to establish his prognosis. Whilst my mentor who is a Community Matron, was talking to Bob, his partner Sue took me to one side and asked me if the investigations revealed bad news would it be possible to withhold this information from Bob because she felt he would not be able to deal with a poor prognosis and would give up hope. Prior to Bobs original admission the possibility of f the chemotherapy failing was discussed but he refused to consider this was an option and was convinced the condition could be treated successfully. I explained to Sue that this situation was outside of my area of expertise but with her permission would discuss it with my mentor and ask her to contact Sue at a mutually convenient time to discuss further. My mentor contacted Sue and advised her that she would discuss the situation with Bobs Consultant once they had received the results of his tests. However, my mentor diplomatically informed Sue that she has no legal right to insist that information be kept from Robert (Dimond 2005). As expected Bobs test results concluded the chemotherapy treatment was unsuccessful. Considering what he knew of Bob, the consultant agreed it would be advantageous to withhold the diagnosis from him. Therefore it was agreed to discuss Bobs test results with his partner. Thoughts and feelings In the first instance I felt that the Consultant was ethically wrong to withhold the results of the investigations from Bob and not necessarily acting in his best interests. I felt that in order to ensure Bobs rights were protected and to give him the opportunity to be involved in his own plan of care he should be informed of the outcome of the tests. Bob had the capacity to consent and as during my placement would be acting as an advocate for him. I felt that if I was in Bobs position, I would want to know what the outcome of any investigations were and it did not seen right that the diagnosis would be documented in his records and his family and possibly friends around him would be aware of his diagnosis whilst he was kept in the dark. I felt that if we were to visit on a regular basis that I would feel very uncomfortable knowing something that had been kept from him and possibly have to lie to him or avoid answering directly when asked difficult questions. I felt that I would be a ble to have a better relationship and understand the care he wanted if he was told the truth about his condition. I also felt that his family were taking denying him the right to autonomy and th right to make informed choices in his end of life care. Analysis The situation was complex in terms of ethical principles. It was not just a matter of clinical practices but providing the best holistic care to Bob during his forthcoming terminal illness. This situation gave rise to multi-disciplinary team discussions to assess whether the diagnosis should have been delivered to Bob. Standing back from the situation, I realize that my own feelings were perhaps judgmental and that I should have taken a more holistic approach rather than just clinical. It also made me aware of the importance of promoting advance directives to patients in situations where an illness may lead to terminal care Evaluation Today patient autonomy is a highly regarded principle that healthcare professionals promote at all times and is fundamental for all patient interactions of which telling the truth to a patient about their diagnosis and prognosis is part (Dimond 2005). Lo (2009) says to be totally autonomous competent patients have to be told the nature of their illness, recovery prospects, how their illness will develop, treatments available and the consequences of any such treatments to enable them to make an informed choice in order to grant consent to treatment of their choice or refuse treatment they do not want. However this has not always been the case, traditionally, paternalism, where the doctor alone would make a decision about whether or not to inform their patient of the diagnosis used to be the preferred method of treating and caring for patients (Lo B 2009). It is only over the past 20 years or so where it is the norm to share decision making with the patient to enable them to make informed choices in their preferred care and treatment (Boyle 1995). However not all patients want to know their prognosis or take part in their end of terminal treatment and care. A study which took place in 1995 concluded that some ethnic groups were less likely to approve of truth telling in respect of diagnosis than others (Blackwell 1995). The UK is culturally diverse and not all patients and families want or accept autonomy. When a person is sick in some cultures, the family prefers to take responsibility for the medical decisions and often wish to receive the diagnosis and nursing plan before the patient. Although this is often the case within Chinese and Japanese cultures, it does not automatically mean that the request to withhold diagnosis from the patient will be upheld. To add to this complex issue, there may be differences within these cultures, such as recent immigrants and older family members wishing to adhere to cultural traditions and younger family members wishing to practice autonomy (Lo B 2009). Advanced care directives definition are used to enable a person to have autonomy. These ethicalBarbosa da Silva (2002) defines an ethical dilemma as: A situation where a person experiences a conflict where he or she is obliged to perform two or more duties, but realizes that whoever action he or she chooses will be an ethically wrog one. Many experts agree healthcare professionals are faced with many ethical dilemmas when caring for terminally ill cancer patients. Communicating the diagnosis and subsequent prognosis is one of the most common (Kuupelomaki and Lauri 1998)(Roy and MacDonald 1998). It is not unusual for relatives to ask a Consultant to withhold information (Alexander et al 2006) which Kenworthy et al (2002) says family members request out of compassion and love. However, (2006) disagrees and suggests it is often the relatives who are unable to cope and have difficulty coming to terms with the impending prognosis. Dimond (2005) suggests withholding the truth can be harmful or lead to a conspiracy of silence but may be justifiable if it is in the patients best interest not to know. In agreement, Lo (2009) points out receiving bad news can have a negative and drastic effect on a patients view of their future. Nurses have a duty in accordance with their professional code of conduct to act as a patients advocate. Whatever their personal thoughts are in relation to withholding diagnosis from a patient, if the Consultant deems it in the best interest of the patient then a nurse has a duty to adhere to the Consultants decision (Dimond 2005).However Georges and Grypdonk 2002 suggest this can lead to nurses feeling powerless, frustrated and concern when involved in palliative care. Evidence suggests that if a Consultant establishes it is not advisable to inform the patient of the diagnosis or prognosis then it is right to give information to the family (Rumbold 2006). Dimond (2005) states patients have no legal rights to information and therefore if a Consultants believes it is in the best interest of the patient they can refuse to give a diagnosis to them. However, some would argue to withhold information would be considered paternalism (Lo B 2009). Paternalism is when an individual, in this case the Consultant, believes they are in a position to act in the best interest of another individual. Although Bobs welfare is key, the consultant has taken away his right to his autonomy to make future healthcare choices including important end of life decisions by making the decision not to inform him of his diagnosis (Sandman and Munthe 2010). Tingle and Cribb (2005) define this as hard paternalism as opposed to soft paternalism in which Bob would not have the capacity to make an informed decision regarding treatment and care following his diagnosis. The may be in beneficience to the patient but conflicts with autonomy. While considering the decision to not tell Bob the truth regarding his diagnosis, the consultant would have taken into account the ethical principles of beneficence (to do good) and non-malifience (to cause no harm) (Dimond 2005). In Rumbolds (2006) opinion it is wrong to not tell the truth or withhold information from a patient as it denies the patient autonomy and is in conflict with the ethical principles of beneficence and non-malificience. Research carried out by Sullivan (2001) suggests patients believe that Doctors should tell them the truth with a staggering ninety nine per cent of patients wanting to be informed of their diagnosis. However there is evidence to suggest the consultant was right to withhold diagnosis as it can initiate denial, and cause the patient psychological damage (Kenworthy et al 2002). Patients react differently to bad news and Elliott and Oliver (2007) suggests information should given slowly enabling the patient to have enough time to absorb the information given. Sadness, despair, anxiety and depression are feelings patients suffer when faced with life threatening illness. >believes that if healthcare professionals have an open and honest relationship with their patients it enables greater trust (Elliott and Oliver 2007). Bowers and Arnold (2010) agrees with this and adds that an open relationship based on trust enables healthcare professionals to support patients to be in control and make preferred choices with issues relating to their end of life care. However, Kenworthy, Snowley, Gilling (2002) are in disagreement with these statement say to force a patient into to face the trust regarding their diagnosis is both unethical wrong and damaging. Millard and Florin (2006) (nursingtimes) says that patients have different needs which can often be complex and it is important to recognise that some patients choose not be involved, that some individuals do not want to be part of their care but put their trust in health care professionals who are t rained in what they do. Elliott and Oliver (2007) states that a hope is fundamental to a terminally ill persons wellbeing and as such is something to be protected. She adds that hope of a cure whilst facing a terminal illness is an individuals right and helps them to face the final stages of life and points out that if hope is taken away it leaves a patient with only fear. Conclusion This experience has made me aware that good listening, hearing and communication skills are vital to gain a holistic view when dealing with patients and close ones in end of life care. It is also important to liaise with other members of the multi-disciplinary team to ensure that the best possible approach and care is delivered to the patient. It is important not to be judgemental but to incorporate all issues when taking a holistiv view in order to make the right decision. As this was my first experience of end of life care in the community, I was in unfamiliar surroundings and as such not experienced enough to make the right decision in Bobs case. The consultant was correct in determining that Bob was not in a position to accept a poor diagnosis and therefore withholding the information was the correct decision. Action Plan. My action plan is to promote advanced decision and power of attorney Assess holistically and taken into account I also feel than advance directives may have cleared some of this issues and will read about their importance in would have resolved some of this issues and read about their importance and promote their importance when the opportunity arises However, the circumstances surrounding this decision could only be applied to Bobs situation. I believe that as a Nurse I will be involved in ethical dilemmas again however I feel that now I my decisions will be based on each unique patient recognising their own individual needs and wants. Delegation This essay is a reflection of a situation I came across whilst on Community Placement. To assist with this process, Driscolls model of reflection will be used to focus my thought processes whilst learning. Driscolls is a straight forward model which encourages one to return to a situation to understand it better and improve future experiences (Driscoll 2000). To comply with the Nursing and Midwifery Code of Conduct (NMC) (2008) and protect the confidentiality of patients pseudonyms have been used throughout. As required by the first stage of Driscolls model I will describe the event s which took place whilst my mentor was on annual leave and I was assigned to Dianne, another district nurse within the community team. The reason I have decided to return to this situation is because registered nurses should ensure their practice does not compromise duty of care to individuals and at the time I felt that Dianne was delegating duties inappropriately and therefore may have been in breach of NMC requirements (NMC 2004). Whilst assigning the days work Dianne said that it would be a good opportunity for my personal development to go out unsupervised to visit patients within the area to carry out their care and treatment. I was asked to visit a 92 year old patient called Rose who the team visited on two or three times a week to treat a couple of problems. Firstly, she had ulcerated legs which the team were treating with four layer compression bandaging which evidence suggests is the best way to encourage venous return in order to maximise the healing process (OMeara et al 2009). Secondly she had a small sacrum sinus which was packed and redressed. Diannes request put me in an awkward position as I had visited Rose on a number of occasions with my mentor and with her supervision had been able to assess, treat and care for Roses problems appropriately with the exception of applying compression bandages as my mentor had explained to me were only to be applied by staff who had received appropriate training . I am keen to take advantage of any professional development opportunities and improve my clinical skills. However I felt that although I was able to manage most of the delivery of care to Rose as required by the NMC Code of Conduct (2008) applying the compression bandaging was outside my remit and would have been unsafe practice. My feelings were that Dianne was not doing this for my personal development but for her own personal reasons resulting in her abdicating her responsibilities. She did not ask me how I felt about attending patients without supervision or check I had the necessary clinical skills. With this in mind I agreed I would visit Rose, take down her dressings, assess and debride the wound, apply appropriate dressings and the first two layers of bandages. However I requested that Dianne called in after me to apply the compression bandages. Dianne did not appear to be very happy with my request but reluctantly agreed. When I arrived at Roses I introduced myself and explained the purpose of my visit and that Dianne would follow me to apply the compression bandages. I explained at each stage what I was doing, to put Rose at ease, remembering look up and face Rose, so that she could hear clearly what I was saying or read my lips and facial expression as she was partially deaf. As agreed with Dianne I took down the existing dressings, debrided and assessed the wound against the current wound care plan. The wound bed had reduced considerably and although an Inodine dressing had been applied previously, the wound had dried considerably and in my opinion did not require replacing. Therefore I telephone Dianne to let her know of my assessment and it was agreed to dress the wound with a simple NA dressing before bandaging. Whilst at Roses I took the opportunity to update the wound care plan and therefore documented the size of the wound, excudate, smell etc etc and documented all my findings and actions in the care plan. Whilst at Roses I also required to redress the sacral sinus in accordance with her care plan. When assessing the wound I noticed that although her skin was not broken, her sacrum was very red. I had also previously noticed that although she had a pressure cushion sitting on another chair I had never actually seen her sat on it. Therefore I took the opportunity to encourage her to become involved in promoting her own health and explained that her sacrum was very red and that as she sat for long periods of time, it was possibly that her skin would break down, which was why she had been issued with a pressure cushion. We discussed why she did not use the pressure cushion, she said that she did not find it very comfortable in her favourite chair, I explained the benefits of the pressure cushion and we agreed that she would sit in another chair with the pressure cushion in situ for a least part of the day and that we would discuss how she got on next time I visited. Before leaving Roses I documented my assessments, nursing interventions, evaluation and actions in her care plan. The second stage of Driscolls entitled now what will look at the chain of events which has led me to reflect on when it is appropriate to delegate care. Delegation involves entrusting and transferring a task or responsibility to another person who is able to accept responsibility for the task, typically one who is less senior than oneself (Sullivan and Decker 2005, Oxford dictionary 2011). However Wheeler (2004) argues that delegation and abdication amount to the same thing. On the other hand MacKenzie (1998) states that abdication is giving up either by abandonment or resignation and says that whilst delegation can offer potential benefits to both individuals and organisations, many nurses practice abdication which can be attributable to the current economic climate of underpaid and overstretched employees. Whilst I did appreciate that Dianne thought I was capable to deliver appropriate care to Rose I also suspected that she thought it she would have an easier day if she asked me to carry out the more routine and mundane tasks. The NMC standards of proficiency (2004) state whilst nurses should delegate care to others they should also accept responsibility and accountability for such delegation. As a registered nurse under the NMC Code of Conduct (2008) nurses have a duty of care to ensure that patients receive care in a safe and skilled manner. Dianne was not aware if I was competent or not to carry out compression bandaging as she had neither previously worked with me or questioned me about my clinical skills. In line with the NMC Code of Conduct (2008) I understand that I must work within the scope of my professional competence and it is for this reason I refused to apply the compression layer. It is important for organisations and individuations to delegate in order for them to develop and function resourcefully and successfully (Ellis and Hartley 2004). Effective Delegation requires skills in planning, analysis and self-confidence. The tasks to be delegated should be assessed, planned, communicated, implemented, monitored and evaluated (Royal College of Nursing 2006). In the UK, the rate of change is accelerating and the delivery of services are regularly restructured in an attempt to provide the most effective and efficient care to patients (Shepherd 2008). This environment has lead to the evolvement of work from junior doctors to nursing staff such as giving intravenous therapy and with the evolvement of nursing practitioners many agree that the role of the nurse is increasingly difficult to define as the boundaries are constantly changing (Shephard 2008, Spilbury and Meyer 2005, McKenna et al 2006). A study conducted by Ulster University condones that there is much ambiguity amongst the nursing role. It concluded that although nurses are happy with role extensions they have less patient contact as they would like. Some nurses like the role extension of technical jobs, however others see it at the menial tasks Doctors do not want to do (Allen 2002). However this was only a small survey of 26 nurses and therefore may not be a true representation of all RGNs (McKenna et al 2006). It can be assumed therefore that demands on nursing care at times are greater than RGNs can cope with, and therefore increasing expected to to delegate some tasks routinely, traditionally carried out by RGNs, such as personal care (Curtis and Nicholl 2004). Effective delegation can give RGNs more time for other activities which enables them to focus on doing fewer tasks well rather than many tasks poorly and offer HCAs the opportunity to become competent and improved confidence (Kourdi 1999). Shepherd (2008) articulates that it is important for these tasks to be defined and when devolved it should not be at the detriment to the patient. As a result health care assistant (HCA) roles have increased in both numbers and cope of activity undertaken and it is therefore important that all health care staff understand their roles and accountability in the delegation process. Health care staff need to work together in order for patients to receive safe and effective care from the most appropriate personnel (Pearcey 2007). However some nurses find it difficult to relinquish any part of their role and find it difficult to delegate (Wheeler 2004) Zimmerman (1996) suggests this might be because some nurses were trained before delegation skills were required. However Nicholl and Curtis (2004) state that delegation is not an art and but a nursing skill which can be learned and is becoming increasing important in changing times. Delegation also enables health care professionals to train in new skills and broaden their skill range. However Wheeler argues that some could abuse their power of delegation for example to provide themselves with extra breaks while their subordinates may have to forfeit theirs to complete additional tasks. Or one nurse could favour a subordinate resulting in some always receiving more appealing tasks than others. Delegation is a complex process and to successfully delegate consideration should be given to both existing workload and skill mix of staff should be known. Delegation of too many tasks may result in loss of control, but failing to delegate may lead to one member of staff being overwhelmed, overworked and can lead to incompletion of duties and de-motivated and un-cooperative team. Most HCAs give personal care due to the fact they are usually more available than RGNS. Many studies have indicated that RGNS favour the employment of HCAs (McKenna and Hansson 2002). However the MIDRIS (2001) study suggests that care provided by HCAS is task based and fragmented. There are many pros and cons for delegating tasks. Detailed Job Descriptions (JD) may result in staff being reluctant to take on new responsibilities that are not specified on their JD. Others will be reluctant and believe if you want a job done properly do it yourself. This can inhibit delegation leading to nurses being overworked stressed with little job satisfaction (Kourdi 1999). On the other hand Wheeler (2001) suggests effective delegation encourages staff to have a better understanding and be able to influence the way in which work is carried out. She also says that by participating in decision-making it will increase motivation, morale and ultimately job performance enabling the organisation to become more flexible and responsive to change. Effective delegation will enable a business to move forward as new ideas and viewpoints will be encourage and it will better prepare nurses to be able to cope when career opportunities arise (Wheeler 2001). Delegation frees up time to enable a nurse to carry out other duties which cannot be delegated. Although at first the time saved might me minimal once the HCA becomes proficient more time will become available. Fewer tasks are better than many that are inefficient (Kourdi 1999). In order to delegate effectively it important to decide which task to delegate , select the best person to carry out that task, assessing the task in detail and offer clearly the level of authority associated with it, , check the skills and experience of the delegates, follow the task process and assess and discuss the progress (Curtis and Nicholl 2004). Cohen suggests it is right to delegate in order to carry out an organisations needs as long as certain criteria is met such as right task, right circumstance, right person right communication and right supervision. The third stage, of the Driscolls reflection model requires what can be done differently in the future and what actions to be taken. Dianne was right to delegate the more junior tasks in order to ensure the fewer tasks she had were carried out more effectively. However should have verified my competence prior to delegating. If she had communicated with me effectively to assess my competence I would not have felt awkward having to point out that I did not have the skills to carry out compression bandaging and only practice within my capabilities (NMC 2008). In the future in such a situation I would not do anything differently as I believe I have a responsibility for practicing within my own capabilities in line with the NMC Code of Conduct (2008). Had I been a permanent member of staff I would have asked for compression training, however this would have been impractical as I was on placement for only a short period of time. When I qualify this situation I will be aware that I am ultimately responsible for the care of patients even when tasks are delegated to HCAs. I will also ensure that I do not delegate anything that involves critical thinking skills such as nursing assessments, planning and evaluation of patient care and nursing judgement. (take off 90 for references)

All Students Should be Required to Study a Foreign Language :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

All Students Should be Required to Study a Foreign Language Educators historically have argued over the propriety of offering various academic courses. One recent yet continuing argument on American college campuses tends to pit school against school, professor against professor, student against student, school against professor, professor against student and student against school. The issue is whether or not courses in a foreign language should be required to attain a Bachelor's degree. Some believe the idea is absurd, while others believe it is a progressive move toward 21st century education. Although some people believe the entire world should speak English, the reality is that all Americans should have some degree of formal education in a foreign language. Foreign language skills could have a positive impact on race relations in America. The number of minorities in America is rapidly increasing. In fact, "minority" groups will soon form a collective "majority" of the citizens in America. Considering the facts that many minority groups speak English as a second language and America has no official language, compulsory foreign language classes are viable options. Of course, opponents of mandatory foreign language courses will say that immigrants and naturalized citizens should learn and speak the "de facto" official language of the United States--English. It is a valid point, but misses the bigger picture. People who speak English as a second language are already bilingual, while American-born students typically are not. Language is the most fundamental aspect of a culture. Students who learn the not-so-foreign language of the predominant minority group in their region of the country will gain at least some insight into the different cul ture of their neighbors and perhaps have a better understanding of them at the personal level. If we take these bits of insight and understanding and couple them with compassion, fertile ground for multicultural harmony in America will be sown. While foreign language skills can improve domestic affairs, the same can be said of foreign affairs. Foreign language skills can be useful in promoting American foreign interests. In a global economy, doing business abroad is paramount, but language barriers can be a burden. Opponents of a foreign language requirement in education would argue that most foreign businessmen already speak English. Admittedly, most foreign competitors do speak English, but only out of necessity. They learned to speak English in an effort to better communicate with their American counterparts and take advantage of the money making potential of doing business in America. All Students Should be Required to Study a Foreign Language :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays All Students Should be Required to Study a Foreign Language Educators historically have argued over the propriety of offering various academic courses. One recent yet continuing argument on American college campuses tends to pit school against school, professor against professor, student against student, school against professor, professor against student and student against school. The issue is whether or not courses in a foreign language should be required to attain a Bachelor's degree. Some believe the idea is absurd, while others believe it is a progressive move toward 21st century education. Although some people believe the entire world should speak English, the reality is that all Americans should have some degree of formal education in a foreign language. Foreign language skills could have a positive impact on race relations in America. The number of minorities in America is rapidly increasing. In fact, "minority" groups will soon form a collective "majority" of the citizens in America. Considering the facts that many minority groups speak English as a second language and America has no official language, compulsory foreign language classes are viable options. Of course, opponents of mandatory foreign language courses will say that immigrants and naturalized citizens should learn and speak the "de facto" official language of the United States--English. It is a valid point, but misses the bigger picture. People who speak English as a second language are already bilingual, while American-born students typically are not. Language is the most fundamental aspect of a culture. Students who learn the not-so-foreign language of the predominant minority group in their region of the country will gain at least some insight into the different cul ture of their neighbors and perhaps have a better understanding of them at the personal level. If we take these bits of insight and understanding and couple them with compassion, fertile ground for multicultural harmony in America will be sown. While foreign language skills can improve domestic affairs, the same can be said of foreign affairs. Foreign language skills can be useful in promoting American foreign interests. In a global economy, doing business abroad is paramount, but language barriers can be a burden. Opponents of a foreign language requirement in education would argue that most foreign businessmen already speak English. Admittedly, most foreign competitors do speak English, but only out of necessity. They learned to speak English in an effort to better communicate with their American counterparts and take advantage of the money making potential of doing business in America.